Metabolites refer to small molecules (usually less than 1.5 kD), such as lipids, amino acids, sugar, glycolytic products, and phosphate compounds that have the ability to reflect a variety of cellular pathways. Metabolomics is the study of the entire set of metabolites at a specific time-point. As non-living entities, viruses replicate completely depending on the material and energy provided by the host metabolism. To survive, viruses have likely evolved to modify the host metabolism. Therefore, the alterations in metabolism can facilitate viral replication and potentially reflect antiviral defense mechanisms.
Metabolomics contributes to the understanding of host-virus interactions by generating immediate information on the ultimate fates of the analytes and the exact downstream effects. It can provide a shot of dynamic and vulnerable host metabolites in response to specific states of viral regulation. In addition, metabolomics analyses can be exploited to screen host samples for biomarkers that are characteristic of a specific state, which then can be further used for viral disease diagnosis, prognosis, and the assessment of new drugs with applications in viral infections.
The integrated analysis of changes in the metabolic profile could be critical for virus research, including,
Advances based on mass spectrometry (MS) are an important driving force for the development of metabolomics. We offer a range of MS-based metabolomics technologies to facilitate viral metabolomics research, including gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS).
Compared to MS-based techniques, NMR is highly automatable and exceptionally reproducible, which makes high-throughput and large-scale metabolomics studies much more feasible. Due to their inherently non-destructive nature, NMR also supports metabolite imaging as well as metabolic analysis of living samples via magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). With our standardized and fully automated platform, the highest quality NMR data and analytical results can be generated.
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