Understanding the full transcriptional repertoire of the virus is crucial for studying its gene expression. Long-read RNA sequencing can greatly improve our knowledge of the regulation of gene expression due to its unique advantages, such as the precise characterization of transcript isoforms and the efficient distinction between overlapping RNAs. Nanopore sequencing is a long-read technique that allows the sequencing of full-length transcripts without the need for transcript assembly. As a leading custom service provider in the field of viral RNA sequencing, Creative Proteomics has launched a viral transcriptomic analysis platform based on the Oxford Nanopore instruments. By combining simple molecular biology techniques with an ultra-portable sequencing unit, our ability enables customers to rapidly interrogate viral transcriptomes at a previously unattainable resolution.
A diverse collection of approaches has been applied to investigate viral transcriptomes, including Northern-blot analysis, real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT2-PCR) analysis, microarrays, Illumina sequencing, Pacific Creative Proteomics (PacBio) RS II and Sequel sequencing as well as Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) MinION (a nanopore sequencer) cDNA and direct RNA sequencing. Among them, ONT MinION long-read sequencing is fundamentally different from previous sequencing technologies. Instead of using base synthesis reaction in the sequencing process, nanopore sequencers directly detect the sequence of the nucleotides composing a native single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) via changes in electronic voltage as it passes through a protein channel or the nanopore. Compared with PacBio long-read sequencing, the ONT platform has lower basecalling accuracy, but higher throughput, longer reads, and higher cost performance. In addition, the relatively high error rate of the ONT platform can be avoided by obtaining high sequence coverage.
Oxford nanopore sequencing is a novel long-read sequencing technique. Based on this advanced technology, we can generate more sequencing reads to identify new transcripts not detected by previous methods and to analyze the dynamic transcriptome of the viruses. Our nanopore sequencing platform includes cDNA sequencing using oligo(dT) or random primers as well as direct RNA sequencing (DRS). Among them, the DRS approach based on nanopores offers an exciting, affordable alternative whereby individual polyadenylated RNAs are sequenced directly. Therefore, this method does not have the recording and amplification biases inherent in other sequencing methods.
Workflow for direct RNA sequencing of virus-infected cells,
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References
* For research use only.